{"id":111139,"date":"2026-02-13T13:55:20","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T13:55:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/?p=111139"},"modified":"2026-02-13T13:55:20","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T13:55:20","slug":"what-is-plantar-fasciitis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/what-is-plantar-fasciitis\/","title":{"rendered":"What is plantar fasciitis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do you experience sharp heel pain first thing in the morning? You may be suffering from plantar fasciitis. This inflammation of the plantar fascia affects millions of people and represents one of the most common causes of heel pain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The plantar fascia is a band of fibrous tissue that connects your heel to your toes. When this tissue becomes inflamed or irritated, you develop plantar fasciitis. This painful condition particularly affects runners, overweight individuals, and those who stand for long periods.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understanding this condition is the first step toward recovery. In this article, you&#8217;ll discover the characteristic symptoms, main causes, and effective treatments to regain pain-free mobility.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Definition and Anatomy of Plantar Fasciitis<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia, the fibrous band that connects your heel to your toes. This condition accounts for 15% of foot pain consultations among active adults.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>The Plantar Fascia: Structure and Function<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The plantar fascia forms an aponeurosis (fibrous membrane that covers or connects muscles) 4-5 millimeters thick that extends under your foot. This fibrous structure originates at the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and divides into 5 bands that attach to the base of each toe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-111140 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-de\u0301cran-le-2025-12-05-a\u0300-11.42.18-300x228.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-de\u0301cran-le-2025-12-05-a\u0300-11.42.18-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-de\u0301cran-le-2025-12-05-a\u0300-11.42.18-768x583.png 768w, https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-de\u0301cran-le-2025-12-05-a\u0300-11.42.18-350x265.png 350w, https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-de\u0301cran-le-2025-12-05-a\u0300-11.42.18.png 936w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It performs 3 essential functions:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Supports<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the medial longitudinal arch of the foot<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Absorbs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shock (up to 2.5 times your body weight)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Propels<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the foot during the push-off phase<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This aponeurosis works like a biomechanical spring. It stretches 9-12% under normal conditions and stores elastic energy to release during propulsion.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Mechanism of Plantar Fasciitis<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fasciitis develops when repeated microtrauma exceeds your fascia&#8217;s regeneration capacity. These microtears appear primarily at the calcaneal insertion, the area subjected to maximum stress.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The inflammatory process follows 3 distinct phases:<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\" aligncenter\" style=\"height: 239px;\" width=\"606\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Phase<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Duration<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Characteristics<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acute<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0-6 weeks<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Active inflammation, sharp pain<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subacute<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6-12 weeks<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decreased inflammation, onset of fibrosis<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt;12 weeks<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tissue degeneration, thickening<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your fascia progressively thickens, increasing from 4mm to 7-10mm in the chronic phase. Collagen fibers lose their parallel organization and adopt a disorganized arrangement. This structural disorganization decreases the tissue&#8217;s mechanical resistance and perpetuates the microtear cycle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Main Causes of Plantar Fasciitis<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fasciitis results from multiple factors that exert excessive tension. These causes are divided into two main categories: biomechanical factors and those related to your lifestyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Biomechanical Risk Factors<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your foot anatomy directly influences the development of plantar fasciitis. Flat feet increase your risk of developing this condition by 2.2 times.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High-arched feet also present an increased risk. Your elevated plantar arch concentrates forces on restricted areas of the fascia, creating tension points up to 3 times higher than normal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excessive pronation constitutes a major factor. Your foot rolls inward more than 15 degrees during walking. This movement stretches the plantar fascia 10 to 12% beyond its normal length.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Achilles tendon tightness affects 83% of patients with plantar fasciitis. A short Achilles tendon limits dorsiflexion of your ankle to less than 10 degrees. This restriction increases tension on the plantar fascia by 25%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lower limb length discrepancies greater than 5 millimeters modify your gait. The longer leg bears an additional load of 20%.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Lifestyle-Related Factors<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your body weight exerts direct pressure on your plantar fascia. A BMI above 30 multiplies your risk of plantar fasciitis by 5.6. Each additional kilogram increases the load on your feet by 4 to 6 kilograms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your physical activities influence the onset of fasciitis. Running generates impact forces equivalent to 2.5 times your body weight. Runners covering more than 40 kilometers per week have a 30% increased risk.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your profession plays a determining role. Occupations requiring prolonged standing (teachers, nurses, workers) expose you to a risk 3.6 times higher. Standing for more than 4 consecutive hours progressively overloads the plantar fascia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your inappropriate footwear worsens the situation. Heels higher than 5 centimeters shorten your Achilles tendon by 13%. Worn shoes lose 45% of their shock absorption capacity after 500 kilometers of use.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Age constitutes a non-modifiable factor. Between 40 and 60 years, your plantar fascia loses 20% of its elasticity. The heel fat pad thins by 30%, reducing natural shock absorption.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Symptoms and Diagnosis<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fasciitis manifests through distinctive signs that allow early identification. Recognizing these symptoms and obtaining an accurate diagnosis constitute the first steps toward effective treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Characteristic Signs<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heel pain represents the primary symptom of plantar fasciitis. This pain is precisely localized under the heel, near the calcaneal bone insertion. It is characterized by maximum intensity during the first steps in the morning or after a prolonged period of inactivity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Painful manifestations follow a typical pattern:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Burning sensation or stabbing feeling under the heel<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Progressive decrease in pain after 10-15 minutes of walking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reappearance of pain after prolonged standing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intensification of symptoms after exercise rather than during<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inflammation also causes morning stiffness of the foot. This stiffness particularly affects ankle dorsiflexion (upward movement of the foot toward the leg) and generally disappears after a few minutes of mobilization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondary signs frequently accompany the main pain:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mild to moderate heel swelling<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenderness to palpation of the medial plantar area<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gait modification to avoid bearing weight on the painful heel<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased tension in the calf and Achilles tendon<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Diagnostic Examinations and Tests<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>The diagnosis of plantar fasciitis is primarily based on a clinical evaluation performed by a healthcare professional. This assessment typically includes a detailed review of your symptoms as well as a thorough physical examination of the foot.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The clinical examination includes several specific tests:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Passive dorsiflexion test<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: pain reproduction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Heel palpation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: identification of the precise painful point<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Windlass test<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: evaluation of tension during toe extension<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Joint mobility analysis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: verification of ankle range of motion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imaging examinations complement the clinical diagnosis in certain cases:<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\" aligncenter\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Type of examination<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Usefulness<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Frequency of use<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X-ray<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detects calcaneal spurs (pointed bony growth on the heel)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30% of cases<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultrasound<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Measures fascia thickening (&gt;4mm)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">45% of cases<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MRI<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluates complex tissue lesions<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10% of cases<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultrasound constitutes the examination of choice to confirm the diagnosis. It reveals thickening greater than 4 millimeters and allows exclusion of other pathologies such as partial ruptures or cysts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complementary analyses allow elimination of other causes of heel pain:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tarsal tunnel syndrome<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calcaneal stress fracture<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fat pad atrophy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peripheral neuropathy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Differential diagnosis relies on the precise location of the pain and symptom characteristics. Plantar fasciitis is distinguished by its characteristic morning pain and specific location at the fascia insertion on the calcaneum.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Prevention and Practical Advice<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevention of plantar fasciitis is based on concrete actions that reduce the tension exerted. These preventive strategies decrease the risk of developing this painful inflammation by 40 to 60% according to recent clinical studies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consult our dedicated article regarding exercises to apply in case of plantar fasciitis: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/relieve-plantar-fasciitis-with-3-exercises\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/relieve-plantar-fasciitis-with-3-exercises\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b>Exercises and Stretches<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily stretching constitutes the first line of defense against plantar fasciitis. Your stretching routine targets three anatomical zones: the plantar fascia, the calf, and the Achilles tendon.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Plantar fascia stretch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: sitting on a chair, place your affected foot on your opposite knee. Grasp your toes and gently pull them toward your shin for 30 seconds. Repeat this exercise 3 times a day.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Calf stretch against a wall<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: place your hands against a wall and step your affected leg back. Keep your heel on the ground and lean forward until you feel a stretch in your calf. Hold for 30 seconds and repeat 3 times.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Tennis ball rolling<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: roll a tennis ball under your arch for 2 minutes. This exercise massages the fascia and improves its flexibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Muscle strengthening<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Pick up a towel with your toes or walk on your tiptoes for 30 seconds. These exercises strengthen the intrinsic foot muscles that support your plantar arch.<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\" aligncenter\" style=\"height: 279px;\" width=\"614\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Exercise<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Duration<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Frequency<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Targeted area<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toe work<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30 seconds<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3x\/day<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar fascia<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calf work<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30 seconds<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3x\/day<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calf and Achilles tendon<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ball rolling<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2 minutes<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2x\/day<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar arch<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plantar flexion<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15 repetitions<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2x\/day<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intrinsic muscles<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Choosing Appropriate Footwear<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your shoes play a determining role in preventing plantar fasciitis. Inappropriate footwear increases tension on the fascia by 25 to 35% during walking.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Essential characteristics<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: look for shoes with a heel of 10 to 25 millimeters, integrated arch support, and a shock-absorbing midsole. The toe box should allow natural movement without compression.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Regular replacement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: change your running shoes every 600 to 800 kilometers. Sports shoes should be replaced every 6 to 8 months depending on your frequency of use.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Progressive adaptation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: introduce new shoes progressively over 2 weeks. Wear them 1 to 2 hours the first day and gradually increase the duration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/orthoses\/plantar\/\"><b>Orthotic insoles<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: custom orthotics distribute pressure under your foot and correct biomechanical defects. They reduce tension on the plantar fascia by 20 to 30% during walking. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/#contact\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact the EVO laboratory teams for a personalized assessment of your needs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>House shoes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: avoid walking barefoot on hard surfaces. Wear orthopedic sandals or slippers with arch support inside your home.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you experience sharp heel pain first thing in the morning? You may be suffering from plantar fasciitis. This inflammation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":111274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[163],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is plantar fasciitis? - Laboratoire EVO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A clear and simple guide to understand what plantar fasciitis is, what causes it, its common symptoms, and how it\u2019s typically managed.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/laboratoireevo.com\/en\/what-is-plantar-fasciitis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is plantar fasciitis? 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